ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and factors associated with the avoidance of activity, that induced by fear of falling in the community-dwelling elderly so as to provide evidence for preventing elderly from falling and to increase the quality of life.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1 972 elderly in Zhejiang. Data were collected through face-to-face interview. Both Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the related factors on the avoidance of activity induced by fear of falling.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 1 972 elderly, 43.15% (95% CI: 40.97%-45.34%) appeared avoidance of activity induced by fear of falling. There were no significant difference between males (41.79%, 95% CI: 38.61%-44.98%) and females (44.36%, 95% CI: 41.34%-47.38%), with χ² = 1.32, P > 0.05. The corresponding figures of the 60-69 years group, 70-79 years group and the ≥ 80 years group were 37.07%, 44.87% and 59.04%, respectively (Trend χ² = 48.93, P < 0.01). Of those elderly who ever fell in the past 12 months, 51.94% (95% CI: 46.34%-57.53%) of them were afraid of falling which would lead to avoid of engaging in physical activities. Of the elderly who had no histories of falling in the past 12 months, 41.52% (95% CI: 39.14%-43.89%) feared of falling and avoided engaging in related activities (χ² = 11.56, P < 0.01). Results from the Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors would include general/poor perceived health status (OR = 1.53-1.69), impaired vision (OR = 1.95-2.98), impaired hearing (OR = 1.77), use of assistive devices (OR = 2.71), osteoporosis (OR = 3.35), dizziness (OR = 3.05), age ≥ 80 years old (OR = 1.56) and the level of received education.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Avoidance of physical activity induced by fear of falling among community-dwelling elderly was commonly seen. Health education and intervention measures should be strengthened to the elderly, so as to encourage them to engaging in physical activities and to improve their quality of life.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accidental Falls , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fear , Logistic Models , Motor Activity , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Objective To understand the causes of death in children and adolescents at 5-19 years of age from 2004 to 2013 in Cixi City. Method According to data of diseases surveillance in Cixi City during the 10 years, the health indexes of mortality, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLL‰), standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL), standardized potential years of life lost rate (SPYLL‰) were applied to analyze the causes of death and evaluate the burdens of mortality. Result The total mortality of the children and adolescents was 25.56/105, and standardized mortality was 25.26/105. Boys had higher mortality (33.20/105) than girls (17.91/105), and there was statistical significance in the prevalence between male and female. Death of injury&poisoning (13.77/105) and tumors (5.78/105) respectively ranked at the first two leading causes, accounting for 76.46%of total deaths. PYLL was 24 624 years, standardized PYLL was 37 417.02 years, and the rate of PYLL was 2.59‰. Conclusion Injury, poisoning and tumors were the major risk factors among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in Cixi City. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to strengthen the preventive force and promote the development of comprehensive mental and physical pediatric care.
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Objective To ascertain the mortality situation and main causes of deaths among children under five years of age from 2006 to 2013 in Cixi City.Methods The data of children under 5 years of age who died mortality cases in Cixi City from 2006 to 2013 were analyzed according to the international classification of disease (ICD-10).Results From 2006 to 2013,the mortality rate of chiildren under 5 years of age was 6.99‰-3.61‰ in Cixi City,while the mortality rate of infant was 1.97‰-5.18‰ and newborn infants was 0.90‰-3.38‰.The top 5 causes of death were accidental death,congenital heart disease,other congenital malformations,preterm birth weight and birth asphyxia,which accounted for 73.3％ (195/266),while in newborns mainly with low birth weight (30.0％,33/110),and infants with congenital heart disease (21.6％,38/176).The neonatal deaths accounted for 62.5％ of infant deaths,and the infant deaths accounted for 66.2％ of under 5 mortality rate.Conclusion Under 5 mortality rate in Cixi City from 2006 to 2013 fluctuated,but overall there was a downward trend.Using various measures to reduce accidental deaths among children and infants should be the main strategy for reducing mortality in children under 5 years of age in Cixi City.